Annotation

The modern trends of economic development are different for developed, developing and post-Communist countries. But since developed countries set the fashion, the trends in economics of the developed countries are discussed. Other countries are oriented to developed countries.

Keywords: economic development, economic growth, Sustainable development, Blockchein, high technology.

Introduction

In the modern world: the use of the latest techniques and technologies changes the level of well-being of the person as well as its social position in society; The development of a qualitatively new postindustrial society occurs in developed countries. In developing countries there are many versatile transformational processes. Some of them have been able to move to developed countries, part of them is close to this or builds up an industrial society, while others remain far behind. Most developed countries have in neighborhood countries whose population is on the poverty line or beyond, countries where permanent companions are hunger, low life expectancy, lack of drinking water and sanitation, high levels of newborn death, etc. ; Some of the post-Communist countries have achieved a relatively high level of development, and some have, more or less low level of market relations, the inefficient structure of economics, low competitiveness, high unemployment and poverty levels. The number of world population and economic growth rates have reached the point that their subsequent growth can cause humanity to face the threat of ecological catastrophe and resource deficiency; The world economy is going through a new and new level of development - the process of globalization cuts in all areas of human activity, which is accompanied by positive as well as negative effects. 

Modern trends in economic development in advanced countries

From the modern tendencies of economic development in advanced countries can be distinguished:

1. A decisive role in the promotion of public sector development play qualitative changes in the economy. Economic development, or transition to a new, higher level of economy changes the essence of qualitative economic growth, i.e. economy. Changing the structure of the manufactured product in a value form, calculating the economic growth can not be precise, since the product of the same value

can benefit more this year than the previous years. This regularity is historic, but most of it is manifested because of the rapid growth of the quality of the existing products in the modern stage, withdrawal from the consumption of outdated products and rapid introduction of new species of products. Consequently, in case of the low or even zero-tempo economic growth, the growth of the comfort of the public and its benefits is possible.

2. Economic development is a major factor in economic growth but it, together with ecological requirements, is directed slowing economic growth, stipulated by the following:

2.1. Competition provides for entrepreneurs to increase productivity and cheapen the products (innovative policies of the state is the same), thus reducing production growth rates in value form;

2.2. The physical characteristics of the product shall also be changed in the manufacturing process. The weight of the finished products becomes more "light" (for example, replacement of metal details with plastics details, etc.), which also reduces product growth rates in value form;

2.3. In many cases the quantitative decrease of certain items of production takes place (the xerox, the scanner and the printer combination, and many others) Which, naturally, will be reflected in the reduction of gross domestic product value;

2.4. Restriction of existing resources requires nonrenewable sources to be used rationally so that we can keep them up for a long time (material - and capital-intensive, energy-intensive reduction, etc.) The use of computer significantly decreases amounts of resources used in many fields of human activity (state and civil registry, libraries, archives, etc.), which is also reflected on the reduction of GDP value;

2.5. Sustainable economic development, or interconnection of society with the nature requires economic growth to comply with the ongoing reproduction processes in nature, which is still significantly disrupted and has caused many negative problems of global character. Obviously this demand is also directed towards reducing economic growth rates;

2.6. Economic development when strengthening emancipation of women reduces birth rate and therefore, the rate of population growth;

2.7. A small part of the funds flows into the protection of nature, which also reduces ecological growth rates.

3. At the modern stage, special changes are applied to the use of high technology in the economy, changing the trends of its development both locally and globally. It significantly determines the place of national economy in the world economy, increasing the level of competitiveness and well-being of the country.

As a result of the development of production organization, the creation of new species of goods and services, the transformation and transformation costs will be reduced, and the rational use of resources will be increased. The forms and methods of the organization of the organization are changing, and the most important thing is the place and role of the human being as well as in the life of the living. The essence, forms and methods of the civil society organization are changing.

Nowadays among high tech industries the electronics (the subsector 'Microelectronics), biotechnology (which itself is based on genetics, microbiology, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, embryology. etc.), computer software, nanotechnologies, robot techniques, telecommunications, aviation-space technology photonics, atomic physics are distinguished . High technologies also include artificial intellect.

4. Information telecommunication and networking technologies should be underlined separately they stipulate the development of new structures in the economy, which cover almost all areas of economic and social activities. Computer technologies, mobile phones and the Internet are especially rapidly developing. Their use is so important that today we are talking about the digital technological revolution that is unprecedentedly evolving than the earlier technological revolutions.

5. Today in developing countries, the "Era Thinking Technosphere" [Abesadze R. 2014.] started. Technosphere is created by people and here the main role play telecommunications and thinking technologies. The thinking techno sphere will have great opportunities, rather than a intellectual or thinking machine, because it will be the regulated unity of such machines around a common artificial intellect [Sichinava D… 2011]. In these conditions, the state of people will be significantly changed, in everyday life they will have to deal with the artificial intellectual machines that are able to talk about certain topics and solve problems according to situations. Forms of production organization and state management etc will be fundamentally changed; It might be said that the entirely new society with a completely new economy will be created. Some signs of the society may be as follows;

5. 1. Mass release of people from both physical and mental labor;

5. 2. Mass movements of people to the creative work (literature, music, painting, theater, cinema, sport, etc.);

5.3. The direct human interaction with the intellectual and thinking machines that have the characteristic features of the human being (the feeling of moving, talking, even sadness and joy, etc.) and the relations with which requires adequate new knowledge and skills;

5.4. The use of machines in the state and economy management will reduce the occurrence of negative processes;

5.5. The role of programs will be increased that will increase the importance of planning in all fields of human affairs;

5.6. The leisure time and inner satisfaction level of human beings will be increased etc;

6. At the modern stage rapid revolutionary Blockchein technologies have been developed, which have been created for digital currency - bitcoin, but are currently considered new options of its use.

7. Strengthening globalization, internationalization and transnationali­za­ti­on. Transnational corporations provide the mainstream power to speed up internationalization processes in the world economy. Their activities transform the world economy into a single market of goods, services, capital, workforce and knowledge; In international economic relations dominates not international organizations, but the organization and production and realization directly abroad; The formation of the world finance markets and their diversification will be solved. Unification trends in technology, ecology, statistics, accounting education, culture and other fields become powerful; The introduction of new information technologies and electronic systems will be implemented by the world communications network; Strong international economic organizations will be established, which will cover the entire macroeconomic policy criteria and gradually make a globally insistent signature. Their counterparts are becoming juridically necessary to the nominally sovereign state; Globalization has been involved in the interstate area and become one of the defining facts within the country surplussing the strength of the national government to a greater extent; international cooperation is strengthening between the subjects that have not determined their state origin and compete with national companies exempting them from their own markets; Increasingly, more and more countries are engaged in globalization processes, acquiring adequate habits thinking and values ​​of global civilization.

8. Sustainable development is the main demand for the modern economy. For this purpose, to do this, it is necessary to make a rational exchange of substances and energy between society and nature, so that the development of the economy is based on strict laws of nature's self-reproduction, that is, the co-evolution of society and nature takes place, during which the biosphere of our planet goes to a new quality - the neosphere, the thinking shell , where people reduce the results not only of them, but of the destructive natural force of negative influence on the biosphere

Conclusion

A decisive role in the promotion of public sector development play qualitative changes in the economy. Economic development, or transition to a new, higher level of economy changes the essence of qualitative economic growth, i.e. economy. Changing the structure of the manufactured product in a value form, calculating the economic growth can not be precise, since the product of the same value of can benefit more this year than the previous years.

Economic development is a major factor in economic growth, but it, together with ecological requirements, is directed slowing economic growth.

At the modern stage, special changes are applied to the use of high technology in the economy, changing the trends of its development both locally and globally. It significantly distinguishes national economics in the world economy, raising the level of competitiveness and well-being of the country.

Computer technologies, mobile phones and the Internet are especially rapidly developing. Their use is so important that today we are talking about the digital technological revolution that is unprecedentedly evolving than the earlier technological revolutions.

Today in developing countries, the "Era Thinking Techno Sphere" started. Techno sphere is created by people and here the main role play telecommunications and thinking technologies. The thinking techno sphere will have great opportunities, rather than a intellectual or thinking machine, because it will be the regulated unity of such machines around a common artificial intellect.

At the modern stage, rapid revolutionary Blockchein technologies have been developed, which have been created for digital currency - bitcoin, but are currently considered new options of its use.

The process of globalization, internationalization and transnationalization of the modern stage of development is strengthened.

Sustainable development is the main demand for the modern economy. The process of economic and energy exchange between society and nature is undertaken to develop the economy in the strictest nature of self-development and reproduction of nature.

References

Abesadze R. , 2014. Economic development and economic regress. Tbilisi, "Publishing House of Paata Gugushvili Institute of Economics ".

Abesadze R. 2014. High technologies – the most important factor of economic development. wignSi: MOANDRY WSPOŁPRACY SIECIOWEЈ W EUROPIE ŚRODKOWEЈ I WSCHODNIEЈ, “Copyright by Wydawnictwo KUL”, Lublin.

Sichinava D., Nakashidze G. 2011. On Internet, Artificial Intellect and the Transition of Human Society to a New Epoch. J. "Economy and Business", 2011, № 1 (in georgin).

Bell D. The social framework of the information society. In M. Dertouzas & J. Moses (Eds), Cambridge: MIT Press, 1976.
Toffler Alvin. The Third Wave (1980). Bantam Books ISBN 0-553-24698-4